The consequences of electrical faults in substations can be severe. They can lead to power outages, equipment damage, and increased operational costs. In some cases, faults may even pose safety risks to personnel working in or near the substation. Understanding these consequences underscores the importance of proactive measures to prevent faults. For example, a single fault incident can trigger cascading failures throughout the grid, affecting not only the immediate area but also remote locations reliant on the same power source.